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KMID : 1001020100080010001
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Journal of Urologic Oncology
2010 Volume.8 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.9
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Background and Validity of the Promotion of Prostate-Specific Antigen Based Prostate Cancer Screening to National Cancer Screening Program
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Han Jun-Hyun
Yoon Sang-Jin
Lee Young-Goo
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Abstract
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Prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has shown to reduce prostate cancer mortality by 20% in the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) trial. Overdetection and overtreatment are substantial unfavourable side effects. However, the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening (PLCO) trial did not show a significant reduction in prostate cancer mortality with screening. The results of PLCO was not acceptable because PSA contamination in the both screening and control cohort was found and the period of follow-up was not long enough to show the screening benefit to prostate cancer mortality. There are still controversies in PSA screening but the point of controversy has changed with time to issues of overdetection, overtreatment and a decrease in quality of life after treatment. Prostate cancer ranks as the fifth most common cancer among Korean men and the mortality rate of prostate cancer increases consistently. Recently, it is becoming a major public health concern in South Korea in relation to increased aging and westernization among Koreans. The Korean Government has implementing to National Cancer Screening Program since 1999, but the present status of male cancer control in South Korea leaves something to be desired. In order to improve mean mortality rate of major male cancers in Korean men, the introduction of prostate cancer screening to Korea national cancer screening program is needed.
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KEYWORD
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Prostate-specific antigen, Prostate cancer, Mass screening
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